Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Article Title: Plasma fibronectin stabilizes Borrelia burgdorferi –endothelial interactions under vascular shear stress by a catch-bond mechanism
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1615007114
Figure Lengend Snippet: Dependence of B. burgdorferi–endothelial interactions under physiological shear stress on pFn. (A) Schematic illustrating initiation steps (tethering, dragging) of the B. burgdorferi–endothelial interaction cascade leading to bacterial transmigration across endothelial barriers into extravascular tissues. Tethering bacteria anchor to endothelial surfaces via tethers, pause repeatedly as they move over endothelial surfaces, but move faster than 100 μm⋅s−1. Dragging bacteria move more slowly (<100 μm⋅s−1) and are untethered. Both tethering and dragging are Fn-dependent in mouse PCVs (18). There are reduced numbers of B. burgdorferi tethering and dragging on primary human endothelial monolayers in flow chambers at typical PCV shear stress (1 dyn/cm2) following treatment with polyclonal anti-Fn antiserum (B) and depletion of pFn from serum in bacterial cultivation medium (C). Numbers of tethering and dragging GFP-expressing B. burgdorferi (strain GCB966) in the presence of nonspecific IgGs or polyclonal αFn IgGs were measured by manual counting. In B, GCB966 was cultivated in the presence of mouse blood before imaging. In C, bacteria were cultivated without mouse blood to eliminate all sources of pFn. In C, −pFn indicates pFn-depleted growth conditions; for +pFn samples, bacteria grown under pFn-depleted conditions were supplemented with human pFn (+pFn) to the concentration present in blood (0.3 mg/mL) before imaging. Summary values: mean ± SEM. Statistics: two-way ANOVA, Holm–Sidak posttest (n = 3 independent bacterial and endothelial cultures per group). *P < 0.05 vs. IgG (B) or −pFn (C) within the same interaction type.
Article Snippet: Monolayers were incubated with primary antibodies against polyclonal human Fn (rabbit, 1:400 dilution, catalog no. F3648; Sigma–Aldrich), monoclonal mouse vimentin (mouse, 1:200 dilution, catalog no. 0725; Dako Canada ULC), and monoclonal mouse tubulin (mouse, 1:500 dilution, catalog no. 9026; Sigma–Aldrich), followed by three 10-min washes with PBS/0.02% TX-100 (permeabilized cells) or PBS alone (nonpermeabilized cells).
Techniques: Transmigration Assay, Expressing, Imaging, Concentration Assay